The Influence of Habitat Heterogeneity and Rainfall on Small Mammal Diversity and Reproduction (…)

ABSTRACT

The influence of habitat heterogeneity and rainfall on small mammal diversity and reproduction was studied in Chimit Kola. Data were collected using a grid and line trapping design in six representative habitats. Species identification and data analysis were performed using molecular techniques and R programming software. A total of 11 species were captured with an overall trap success of 25.6%. Mastomys awashensis was the most abundant, followed by Acomys louisae, and the least was Crocidura parvipes. Species richness and diversity were the highest in the riverine forest and the least in the fallowland habitats. The riverine forest had the highest abundance, followed by grassland and the least was in the forest. The abundance and reproductive activities of most small mammals were significantly higher during the wet season than during the dry season. Pregnancy was biased towards the right uterine horn compared to the left. The diversity and reproduction of small mammals are influenced by habitat productivity, which in turn is associated with seasonal rainfall, reflecting the significance of habitat heterogeneity and seasonal resource availability for the conservation of species.